科技的發展予社會的變遷愈來愈快速,咱的生活嘛因為遮的濟濟新電子產品變甲那來那利便,譬論講過去干焦會使敲電話的手機仔,這馬已經進步到有百百款功能的巧手機仔,會使翕相、上網路、寄電子批(email)、拍電動、做GPS共咱𤆬路等等。不而過,科技的發展嘛予咱的頭殼愈來愈無閒,佇這个資訊爆發的時代,面對遮爾仔濟的新事物,人人定著感覺著時間有限,所擺定定想欲同時處理幾若件代誌來省時間,親像駛車著閣和客戶講電話,該當讀冊的時煞嘛咧和朋友line,以及那開會那看電子批等等。
Kho-ki ê huat-tián hōo siā-huē ê piàn-tshian lú lâi lú khuài-sok, lán ê sing-ua̍h mā in-uī tsia-ê tsē-tsē sin tiān-tsú sán-phín piàn kah ná lâi ná lī-piān, phì-lūn kóng kuè-khì kan-na ē-sái khà tiān-uē ê tshiú-ki-á, tsit-má í-king tsìn-pōo kàu ū pah-pah-khuán kong-lîng ê khiáu-tshiú-ki-á, ē-sái hip-siōng, tsiūnn bāng-lōo, kià tiān-tsú-phue (email), phah tiān-tōng, tsò GPS kā lán tshuā-lōo tíng-tíng. Put-jî-kò, kho-ki ê huat-tián mā hōo lán ê thâu-khak lú lâi lú bô-îng, tī tsit ê tsu-sìn po̍k-huat ê sî-tāi, bīn-tuì tsiah-nī-á tsē ê sin sū-bu̍t, lâng-lâng tiānn-tio̍h kám-kak tio̍h sî-kan iú-hān, sóo-pái tiānn-tiānn siūnn beh tông-sî tshú-lí kuí-nā kiānn tāi-tsì lâi síng sî-kan, tshin-tshiūnn sái-tshia tio̍h koh hām kheh-hōo kóng tiān-uē, kai-tong tha̍k-tsheh ê sî suah mā leh hām pîng-iú line, í-ki̍p ná khui-huē ná khuànn tiān-tsú-phue tíng-tíng.
一心多用是一个迷思 It-sim-to-iōng sī tsi̍t ê bê-su
根據心理學家的研究,咱的頭殼並無才調進行親像電腦彼款的多工作業(multi-tasking),伊一擺干焦會使處理一件代誌,一心多用其實是一个迷思爾爾。按呢有濟濟人會諍講:無矣,我定定攏嘛一个人做三个人用,同時做幾若項工課,親像那和人講電話那看電子批抑是用line,我感覺按呢較有效率呢!毋過事實上,當你感覺家己同時咧做兩件代誌的時陣,譬論講佇上課的時陣掰手機仔看line,你的腦部會共注意力佇老師和你的手機仔之間做切換,不而過這个切換的速度誠緊,干焦有十分之一秒鐘爾爾,予你袂感覺著時間的延遲,煞誤認你會使那聽課那佮朋友用line開講。若是規節課不時攏咧用手機仔,紲落去下課了後你常常會發見家己共足濟要緊的內容落勾去。
Kin-kì sim-lí ha̍k-ka ê gián-kiù, lán ê thâu-khak pīng bô tsâi-tiāu tsìn-hîng tshin-tshiūnn tiān-náu hit-khuán ê to-kang-tsok-gia̍p (multi-tasking), i tsi̍t pái kan-na ē-sái tshú-lí tsi̍t kiānn tāi-tsì, it-sim-to-iōng kî-si̍t sī tsi̍t ê bê-su niā-niā. Án-ne ū tsē-tsē lâng ē tsènn kóng: bô––ah, guá tiānn-tiānn lóng mā tsi̍t ê lâng tsò sann ê lâng iōng, tông-sî tsò kuí-nā hāng khang-khuè, tshin-tshiūnn ná hām lâng kóng tiān-uē ná khuànn tiān-tsú-phue a̍h-sī ná iōng line, guá kám-kak án-ne khah ū hāu-lu̍t––neh! M̄-koh sū-si̍t siōng, tng lí kám-kak ka-tī tông-sî leh tsò nn̄g hāng tāi-tsì ê sî-tsūn, phì-lūn kóng tī siōng-khò ê sî-tsūn pué tshiú-ki-á khuànn line, lí ê náu-pōo ē kā tsù-ì-li̍k tī lāu-su hām lí ê tshiú-ki-á tsi-kan tsò tshiat-uānn, put-jî-kò tsit ê tshiat-uānn ê sok-tōo tsiânn kín, kan-na ū tsa̍p-hun-tsi-it bió-tsing niā-niā, hōo lí bē kám-kak tio̍h sî-kan ê iân-tî, suah gōo-jīn lí ē-sái ná thiann khò ná kap pîng-iú iōng line khai-káng. Nā-sī kui tsiat khò put-sî lóng teh iōng tshiú-ki-á, suà––lo̍h-khì hā-khò liáu-āu lí siông-siông ē huat-kiàn ka-tī kā tsiok tsē iàu-kín ê lāi-iông làu-kau––khì.
咱所有的行為攏受腦部的指揮,無仝腦區負責無仝的行為,今若是有兩項工課攏需要仝腦區的腦細胞參與,你就無才調共𪜶同齊做。譬論講開會的時那聽同事討論那寫電子批,因為做這兩項代誌攏愛動用腦部的語言區,欲共𪜶做伙做語言區的確著愛不斷佇這兩項工課之間做切換,雖罔切換的速度是緊,毋過你定著會感覺著家己無法度斟酌聽人討論抑是寫批。不而過人嘛毋是完全無能力同時做兩項代誌,親像食飯、散步、peh山等等無需要動頭殼的活動,你就較會當那做那聽歌抑是和人討論代誌等等,因為這个時陣頭殼會使專心共注意力囥佇後者,毋免撥時間來處理親像行路、食飯這種無需要思考,自然而然咧進行的活動。
Lán sóo-ū ê hîng-uî lóng siū náu-pōo ê tsí-hui, bô kāng náu-khu hū-tsik bô kāng ê hîng-uî, tann nā-sī ū nn̄g-hāng khang-khuè lóng su-iàu kāng náu-khu ê náu-sè-pau tsham-ú, lí tō bô tsâi-tiāu kā in tâng-tsê tsò. Phì-lūn kóng khui-huē ê sî ná thiann tông-sū thó-lūn ná siá tiān-tsú-phue, in-uī tsò tsit nn̄g hāng tāi-tsì lóng ài tōng-iōng náu-pōo ê gí-giân-khu, beh kā in tsò-hué tsò gí-giân-khu tik-khak tio̍h ài put-tuān tī tsit nn̄g hāng khang-khuè tsi-kan tsò tshiat-uānn, sui-bóng tshiat-uānn ê sok-tōo sī kín, m̄-koh lí tiānn-tio̍h ē kám-kak tio̍h ka-tī bô-huat-tōo tsim-tsiok thiann lâng thó-lūn a̍h-sī siá-phue. Put-jî-kò lâng mā m̄-sī uân-tsuân bô lîng-li̍k tông-sî tsò nn̄g hāng tāi-tsì, tshin-tshiūnn tsia̍h-pn̄g, sàn-pōo, peh-suann tíng-tíng bô su-iàu tāng thâu-khak ê ua̍h-tāng, lí tō khah ē-tàng ná tsò ná thiann kua a̍h-sī hām lâng thó-lūn tāi-tsì tíng-tíng, in-uī tsit ê sî-tsūn thâu-khak ē-sái tsuan-sim kā tsù-ì-li̍k khǹg tī hiō-tsiá, m̄-bián puah sî-kan lâi tshú-lí tshin-tshiūnn kiânn-lōo, tsia̍h-pn̄g tsit tsióng bô su-iàu su-khó, tsū-jiân-jî-jiân teh tsìn-hîng ê ua̍h-tāng.
一心多用的害 It-sim-to-iōng ê hāi
設使今仔日公司主管交代你兩項任務,你是愛共𪜶同齊做抑是先做好一項才換做另外彼項?若照頂頭所講的,應該是一項一項來才著。若準講你選擇欲一改做兩項工課,你的效率會和一項一項照起工做的方式有偌大差別咧?
Siat-sú kin-á-ji̍t kong-si tsú-kuán kau-tāi lí nn̄g hāng jīm-bū, lí sī ài kā in tâng-tsê tsò a̍h-sī sing tsò hó tsi̍t hāng tsiah uānn tsò līng-guā hit hāng? Nā tsiàu tíng-thâu sóo kóng––ê, ìng-kai sī tsi̍t-hāng-tsi̍t-hāng lâi tsiah tio̍h. Nā tsún-kóng lí suán-tik beh tsi̍t kái tsò nn̄g hāng khang-khuè, lí ê hāu-kó ē hām tsi̍t-hāng-tsit-hāng tsiàu-khí-kang tsò ê hong-sik ū guā tuā tsha-pia̍t––leh?
美國學者Joshua Rubinstein, Jeffrey Evans, 以及David Meyer佇2001年發表針對多工作業(multi-tasking)對人做代誌的效率影響的論文。這三位學者發見同時做幾若項工課上濟會予人的效率降低百分之四十,主要的緣故是腦部咧進行任務切換的時,毋但了時間閣愛消耗原底會使用來做工課的資源,而且佇愈無仝款或者是愈無熟手的工課之間做轉換的開銷會愈傷,雖罔大多數的切換時間攏真短,毋過若是一直進行無煞,所浪費的時間佮資源累積起來就會真驚人。
Bí-kok ha̍k-tsiá Joshua Rubinstein, Jeffrey Evans, í-ki̍p David Meyer tī 2001 nî huat-piáu tsiam-tuì to-kang-tsok-gia̍p (multi-tasking) tuì lâng tsò tāi-tsì ê hāu-lu̍t íng-hióng ê lūn-bûn. Tsit sann uī ha̍k-tsiá huat-kiàn tông-sî tsò kuí-nā hāng khang-khuè siōng-tsē ē hōo lâng ê hāu-lu̍t kàng-kē pah-hun-tsi-sì-tsa̍p, tsú-iàu ê iân-kòo sī náu-pōo teh tsìn-hîng jīm-bū tshiat-uānn ê sî, m̄-nā liáu sî-kan koh ài siau-hàu guân-té ē-sái iōng lâi tsò khang-khuè ê tsu-guân, jî-tshiánn tī lú bô kāng-khuán hi̍k-tsiá sī lú bô si̍k-tshiú ê khang-khuè tsi-kan tsò tsuán-uānn ê khai-siau ē lú siong, sui-bóng tuā-to-sòo ê tshiat-uānn sî-kan lóng tsin té, m̄-koh nā-sī it-ti̍t tsìn-hîng bô-suah, sóo lōng-huì ê sî-kan kap tsu-guân luí-tsik––khí-lâi tō ē tsin kiann––lâng.
紲落去佇2008年,美國Carnegie Mellon University的教授Marcel Just研究駛車和人講話對注意力的影響嘛得著類似的結論,伊發見就算無用手攑手機,獨獨佮人講話就會予運將的專注力降低百分之三十七,莫怪政府不時著咧呼籲運將駛車莫講手機仔以及搭客坐車毋通和運將講話。
Suà––lo̍h-khì tī 2008 nî, Bí-kok Carnegie Mellon University ê kàu-siū Marcel Just gián-kiù sái-tshia hām lâng kóng-uē tuì tsù-ì-li̍k ê íng-hióng mā tit-tio̍h luī-sū ê kiat-lūn, i huat-kiàn tō-sǹg bô iōng tshiú gia̍h tshiú-ki, to̍k-to̍k kap lâng kóng-uē tō ē hōo ùn-tsiàng ê tsuan-tsù-li̍k kàng-kē pah-hun-tsi-sann-tsa̍p-tshit, bo̍k-kuài tsìng-hú put-sî tio̍h leh hoo-io̍k ùn-tsiàng sái-tshia mài-kóng tshiú-ki-á í-ki̍p tah-kheh tsē-tshia m̄-thang hām ùn-tsiàng kóng-uē.
一心多用毋但是予咱做代誌的效率䆀,伊閣會影響著人的內分泌,譬論講增加壓力hormone《cortisol》的濃度,予咱心情𠢕齷齪無法度靜心思考。而且研究閣發見人佇咧一心多用的時陣,𪜶的IQ測驗的成績攏較低。
It-sim-to-iōng m̄-nā sī hōo lán tsò tāi-tsì ê hāu-lu̍t bái, i koh ē íng-hióng lâng ê lāi-hun-pì, phì-lūn kóng tsing-ka ap-li̍k hormone “cortisol” ê lông-tōo, hōo lán sim-tsîng gâu ak-tsak bô-huat-tōo tsīng-sim su-khó. Jî-tshiánn gián-kiù koh huat-kiàn lâng tī teh it-sim-to-iōng ê sî-tsūn, in ê IQ tshik-giām ê sîng-tsik lóng khah kē.
是按怎人會遮愛一心多用? Sī-án-tsuánn lâng ē tsiah ài it-sim-to-iōng?
按呢是按怎人當咧需要認真做一件代誌的時,煞時常攏會想欲兼做別項咧?譬論講上網路看面冊(facebook), 看信箱有新的電子批無,家己群組的line有新消息抑無等等。除了頭前所講的為著想欲節省時間以外,心理學家Daniel J Levitin表示,頭殼無才調專心做一項工課是正常的。咱人大部份的認知功能主要倚靠腦部的prefrontal cortex來執行,不幸的是prefrontal cortex本身誠𠢕予新奇的物件唌去,親像面冊頂面的新聞抑是短片、朋友傳來的訊息、別項無仝的任務等,攏真𠢕予人分心,而且佇看完趣味的短片了後,閣會予腦中的dopamine的濃度衝懸,造成人愈想欲閣看,就若親像食薰人會癮薰仝款,予人會那來那無法度專心做工課。
Án-ne sī-án-tsuánn lâng tng-teh su-iàu jīn-tsin tsò tsi̍t-kiānn tāi-tsì ê sî, suah sî-siông lóng ē siūnn beh kiam tsò pa̍t hāng––leh? Phì-lūn kóng tsiūnn bāng-lōo khuànn bīn-tsheh (facebook), khuànn sìn-siunn ū sin ê tiān-tsú-phue bô, ka-tī kûn-tsoo ê line ū sin siau-sit ia̍h bô tíng-tíng. Tû-liáu thâu-tsîng sóo-kóng ê uī-tio̍h siūnn beh tsiat-síng sî-kan í-guā, sim-lí-ha̍k-ka Daniel J Levitin piáu-sī, thâu-khak bô-tsâi-tiāu tsuan-sim tsò tsi̍t hāng khang-khuè sī tsìng-siông––ê. Lán lâng tuā-pōo-hūn ê jīn-ti kong-lîng tsú-iàu uá-khò náu-pōo ê prefrontal cortex lâi tsip-hîng, put-hīng ê sī prefrontal cortex pún-sin tsiânn gâu hōo sin-kî ê mi̍h-kiānn siânn––khì, tshin-tshiūnn bīn-tsheh tíng-bīn ê sin-bûn a̍h-sī té-phìnn, pîng-iú thuân lâi ê sìn-sit, pa̍t hāng bô-kāng ê jīm-bū tíng, lóng tsin gâu hōo lâng hun-sim, jî-tshiánn tī khuànn uân tshù-bī ê té-phìnn liáu-āu, koh ē hōo náu-tiong ê dopamine ê lông-tōo tshìng kuân, tsō-sîng lâng lú siūnn beh koh khuànn, tō ná tshin-tshiūnn tsia̍h-hun-lâng ē giàn-hun kāng-khuán, hōo lâng ē ná lâi ná bô-huat-tōo tsuan-sim tsò khang-khuè.
總講一句,一心多用其實無法度予咱做工課較有效率,而且閣會帶來濟濟副作用。毋過現代進步的科技常常予人接受五花十色的資訊無煞,加上頭殼本身閣𠢕受無仝資訊誘惑,欲干焦倚靠意志力來避免一心多用是不止仔困難。濟濟成功的企業家攏建議逐家佇需要認真做工課的時陣共手機仔佮網路關掉,而且閣毋通佇手機仔使用messenger通知新訊息的功能,予家己會使專心共要緊的代誌一件一件完成,毋但較有效率,情緒嘛較會平靜。
Tsóng-kóng––tsi̍t-kù, it-sim-to-iōng kî-si̍t bô-huat-tōo hōo lán tsò khang-khuè khah ū hāu-lu̍t, jî-tshiánn koh ē tuà-lâi tsē-tsē hù-tsok-iōng. M̄-koh hiān-tāi tsìn-pōo ê kho-ki siông-siông hōo lâng tsiap-siū ngóo-hue tsa̍p-sik ê tsu-sìn bô-suah, ka siōng thâu-khak pún-sin koh gâu siū bô-kâng tsu-sìn iú-hi̍k, beh kan-na uá-khò ì-tsì-li̍k lâi pī-bián it-sim-to-iōng sī put-tsí-á khùn-lân. Tsē-tsē sîng-kong ê khì-gia̍p-ka lóng kiàn-gī ta̍k-ke tī su-iàu jīn-tsin tsò khang-khuè ê sî-tsūn kā tshiú-ki-á kap bāng-lōo kuainn-tiāu, jî-tshiánn koh m̄-thang tī tshiú-ki-á sú-iōng messenger thong-ti sin sìn-sit ê kong-lîng, hōo ka-tī ē-sái tsuan-sim kā iàu-kín ê tāi-tsì tsi̍t-kiānn-tsi̍t-kiānn uân-sîng, m̄-nā khah ū hāu-lu̍t, tsîng-sū mā khah ē pîng-tsīng.